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Socio-Economic Definitions
Autocracy
- A form of government in which unlimited power is held by a single individual
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Capitalism
- (politics) A socio-economic system based on private ownership of resources or capital.
- (economics) An economic system based on private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit.
- (politics, economic liberalism) A socio-economic system based on private property rights, including the private ownership of resources or capital, with economic decisions made largely through the operation of a market unregulated by the state.
- (economics, economic liberalism) An economic system based on the abstraction of resources into the form of privately owned capital, with economic decisions made largely through the operation of a market unregulated by the state.
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Communism
- (socio-economics) A socio-economic system based on common ownership of the means of production and the absence of social classes, money and a state.
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Direct Democracy
- A form of democracy in which people decide on policy initiatives directly.
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Fascism
- A form of ideology characterized by centralized, totalitarian governance, strong regimentation of the economy and of society, and repression of criticism or opposition, by violence or otherwise.
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Fiefdom
- Any organization in the control of a dominant individual.
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Feudalism
- A hierarchical social system, reinforced by religion, based on personal ownership of resources and fealty between a lord and subject.
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Marxism
- A method of socioeconomic analysis that uses a materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to understand class relations and social conflict as well as a dialectical perspective to view social transformation.
- The socialist and communist theory that advocates a capture of state power by the working or lower class with an ultimate goal of the institution of communism.
Neoliberalism
- An ideology that espouses ideas associated with economic liberalism, free market capitalism with a focus on privatization, deregulation, globalization, free trade, austerity and reduction in government spending to increase the role of the private sector in the economy and society.
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Oligarchy
- A government run by only a few, often wealthy, individuals.
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Representative Democracy
- A type of democracy founded on the principle of elected officials representing groups of people.
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Social Democracy
- A policy that advocates economic and social interventions to promote social justice through liberal-democratic polity and a capitalist-oriented mixed economy.
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Socialism
- (socio-economics) Any economic or political theory advocating for collective or governmental ownership and administration of the means of production and distribution of goods
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Related Definitions
Debate
- A discussion of opposing views
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Dialectic
- A discourse between two or more people holding different points of view about a subject but both parties wishing to establish the truth through reasoned methods of argumentation.
- A formal system of reasoning that arrives at a truth by the exchange of logical arguments
Note that in the context of Marxism, dialectic discussion (dialectical method, dialectics) serves as a discourse between two parties to mutually come to truth, as opposed to a didactic discussion, where one party is teaching the other or a general debate, where both parties could be discussing to voice their views without any intention of changing them.
Dictatorship of the Proletariat
- A state of affairs in which the proletariat holds political power.
- The temporary period following the fall of capitalism characterized by a struggle to achieve a classless, stateless and moneyless communist society
Didactic
- A method of instruction with the intent to teach or demonstrate.
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Historical Materialism
- A Marxist methodological approach to the study of society, economics, and history, looking for the causes of developments and changes in human society in the means by which humans collectively produce the necessities of life.
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Materialism
- A form of philosophical monism that holds that matter is the fundamental substance in nature, and that all things, including mental states and consciousness, are results of material interactions.
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Monism
- A concept that there exists only a single reality of which the physical world is an aspect of. Specifically, monism denies the existence of a mind body duality or other aspects of duality.
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Proletariat
- The working class or lower class.
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